Phrasal Verbs

[David]

Hi everyone

ฉบับภาษาไทยดูด้านล่างค่ะ เลื่อนลูกศรลงไปดูได้เลยค่ะ

I wanted to put up a post about phrasal verbs as they are so important to spoken English. I also asked Ple to help translate a few parts into Thai as well, because even though I know many of you can already understand the English explanation already, I wanted to make the content accessible to as many people as I can.

Phrasal verbs are one of the big differences between written English and spoken English. In spoken English, we use many more phrasal verbs.

A phasal verb is made up of a verb and a preposition, a verb and an adverb, or a verb with both an adverb and a preposition. e.g. turn on, put off.

They are not taught often enough in Thailand but they should be because they are so important to being able to listen and speak English. To give you an example, here is a short conversation that happened between my little boy, Sebastian, and I earlier today:

Me: Sebastian, jump off the sofa and turn off the TV now please.

Seb: Why?

Me: Mum wants you to go upstairs and put your clothes on. We are going out.

Seb: O.K. Dad. Shall I put the remote (control) on top of the TV?

Me: Yes, please. And pick up your toys too. The living room is a mess. Quickly please, your mum is waiting. Please tidy up your room as well before you come back down.

Seb: Awwwww!

In this dialogue, there are only 6 exchanges, but 8 phrasal verbs used. Phrasal verbs usually have an equivalent Latinate (normal) verb which is more common in written English.

Here are a few things to remember about phrasal verbs:

1. Some phrasal verbs are transitive (i.e. they can be followed by an object). e.g. Seb took off his jacket.

2. Some are intransitive (i.e. they cannot be followed by an object) e.g. She went out.

3. Also, some transitive phrasal verbs are seperable (i.e. the object is placed between the verb and the preposition)

e.g. Seb took his jacket off.

There are a few more things to know about using phrasal verbs so I will write about them in a few days. For now, this is enough to practise with. Remember that phrasal verbs are very important to spoken English. If you practise them and learn them, your ability to understand spoken English will be much better. The words themselves are easy but there are lots to remember - for example, there are over 40 phrasal verbs that use "put".

เราใช้ phrasal verbs (กริยาวลี)ในภาษาพูดมากกว่าภาษาเขียน ดังนั้นถ้าจะเข้าใจภาษาพูดและสามารถพูดได้ดี เราต้องทำความเข้าใจและให้ความสำคัญกับ phrasal verbs จากตัวอย่างบทสนทนาระหว่างเดวิดกับเซ็บวันนี้

Me: Sebastian, jump off the sofa and turn off the TV now please.

Seb: Why?

Me: Mum wants you to go upstairs and put your clothes on. We are going out.

Seb: O.K. Dad. Shall I put the remote (control) on top of the TV?

Me: Yes, please. And pick up your toys too. The living room is a mess. Quickly please, your mum is waiting. Please tidy up your room as well before you come back down.

Seb: Awwwww!

จะเห็นว่าเซ็บกับเดวิดพูดโต้ตอบกันสั้นๆ (โต้ต้อบกันแค่ 6 ครั้ง) แต่มี phrasal verbs (กริยาวลี) ถึง 8 คำ
phrasal verbs มีคำคู่ที่ใช้ในภาษาเขียนและมีความหมายเหมือนกัน (เช่น ถ้าเราต้องการบอกว่า เขาออกไปข้างนอก เราจะพูดว่า He went out แต่ไม่พูดว่า He exited. ทั้งที่ go out กับ exit มีความหมายเหมือนกัน)

ข้อควรจำเกี่ยวกับ phrasal verbs

1 phrasal verbs บางคำเป็นกริยาที่ต้องมีกรรม ( phrasal verbs แล้วตามด้วยกรรม) เช่น Seb took off his jacket. ( jacket เป็นกรรม)
2 phrasal verbs บางคำเป็นกริยาที่ไม่ต้องมีกรรม เช่น She went out
3 phrasal verbs ที่ต้องการกรรม บางคำเขียนแยก เช่น Seb took his jacket off.

ยังมีข้อควรจำเกี่ยวกับการใช้ phrasal verbs อีก จะเขียนเพิ่มเติมในครั้งต่อไป ตอนนี้มีคำที่จะฝึกพูดพอสมควร จำไว้เสมอว่า phrasal verbs สำคัญมากในภาษาพูด ถ้าคุณเรียนรู้และฝึก จะทำให้คุณเข้าใจภาษาอังกฤษ(ภาษาพูด) ได้ดีขึ้น คำเหล่านี้ไม่ยากแต่มีมากมายที่ต้องจำ เช่น คำที่ใช้ put มีมากกว่า 40 คำ
ลอกแต่งประโยคโดยใช้คำข้างล่างที่ให้มาดู ถ้าลองแต่งดูแล้วจะส่งมาให้ดูก็ได้นะครับ จะช่วยแนะนำให้ครับ
 

Try making some sentences with these if you want. If you have a go, you can send them back to me and I'll help you.

put on - e.g. It's raining.Put your coat on.
put out
put across
put in
put down


More soon.

David (with a little bit of help from Ple :D )

[David]

Hi Norng Peem's Mum

Thanks for the question and sorrry for the late reply - work was busy. Look at the example below.

I don't like that dress, let me see another. (one of several)
I don't like that dress let me see the other. (only one more is available)

In the examples above you can see that "another" is used when the thing we are talking about is indefinite. "Other" is used when the the object we are talking about is definite.

If you want, make your own example sentences and let me have them. That way I can see if my answer was clear enough.

Best wishes
David

[แม่น้องกันต์]

I have a go.
put on your shoes.
put out fire.
put it in the bucket.
put those down.
put across I can't make sentence.

thanks for topic.

[David]

Well done. See my earlier comments for how to use "put across"

Some of these verbs have two or more meanings as well.

For example, "put on" can also mean "to pretend", "put out" can mean "to inconvenience", "put down" can mean "to humiliate".

e.g.
He's not really hurt. He's putting it on.
Would it put you out to give me a lift home?
She put him down in front of his friends.

Best
David

[แม่น้องเนย]

David, let me check my understanding with other & another.

Other - I don't see the other side of the shoes,where is it?
Another - This book is for a grown up, can you find another books?

[กุลกันยา]

Hi! David
May I ask you about the other and another? Both of them must be followed by singular noun. Is that right?

[David]

Almost right.

1. "Another" will be always be followed by a singular noun.

2. "Other" is more flexible:

e.g. "That's a great photograph. May I see the others?"

Here we are talking about more than one, but we are still being quite specific about which photographs we want to look at. Imagine you are having a conversation with your friend. She shows you a photo from her holiday album. You say:

"That's a great photo. May I see the others?" - you are talking specifically about the photos in your friend's holiday album.

In this example, using "the others" means you want to see all the photos in the album.

If you had said "some others" then you would be asking to see a few more from the album, but not all of them.

Can you see that although you are referring to more than one, you are still being specific?

If you are confused, tell me and I'll try again.

Best wishes
David